Considering the circuit below to find out the charging current. When the switch is closed, the capacitor will start to charge.
Applying Kirchhoff’s Voltage Law, we get
Where, k is constant of integration. It can be calculated by putting initial time, t = 0 when capacitor voltage, then,
Substituting on (b) we get,
After a several period of time constant, the capacitor will be as charged as the applied potential E. It is approximately 5 times of the time constant, τ to be fully charged. After 5τ{or >5τ} the capacitor voltage will be 20V as per the circuit shown above.
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